Han

1. One of the Han dynasty rulers called Wang Mang caused the group, Red Eyebrows, to form because he was going to pass a reform, but the landlords hated it so he didn't but the peasants wanted it. This group rebelled and painted their faces red, so now peasants wear it in extreme times of difficulty. 2. Castrated males were recruited from the lower classes as bodyguards. They later became ambitious because they came from uneducated and poor backgrounds, and once they were placed within reach of power, they went for it, causing power struggles between the castrated males and the landlord-officials. This then led to a massacre of over 2,000 castrated males, destruction of the capital, and dictators. 3. Peasants paid their landlords periodically, and then the landlords would protect them against crimes and other hazards. Most peasants grew crops and paid their landlords by selling their harvest. After a natural disaster, they often had to delay the payment or borrow money from their landlords. Some heirs to the Han dynasty double-taxed the peasants under the landlords. Eventually the living conditions of the peasants worsened as they solely depended on the harvest of the land they once owned. 4. Evidence of rulers using their power to punish is found in the records of officials who were beheaded. 5. One of the things that caused the downfall to the Han Dynasty is that women had little to no say in power. Even an empress couldn't have a say in things like politics and economics, so she didn't know how to rule. Therefore when power fell into her hands, she knew of no one in whom she could place her confidence except her own people and the eunuchs.